Article Review written by R. Eric Barnes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Article Review written by R. Eric Barnes - Essay ExampleBarnes attempted to clear several arguments in justifying his claims, particularly by trying to inject conclusions with moral, legal and medical checkup bases. He discussed the properties of THC and its various effects when utilise, and then claiming that the effectiveness of ganja in terms of its medical effectiveness is not controversial by describing them as the positive its medicinal properties. He then argued that the controversial argument lies in its medicinal value. He deliberated that the medicinal value corresponds to a normative claim which is controversial due to its implications that the medical benefits will then be far great than the medical cost such as the side effects as well as the implications that there are no treatments which can be used as alternative, and that will be preferable to use in its stead. He claimed that individuals have interests and rights to safe and effective medical treatments, justi fying that rights are an important prima facie which the political relation must respect as well as enforce, at the same, giving credit to aspects such as positive and negative rights, and then emphasizing his assumptions regarding the responsibilities and rights of the political sympathies in the regulation of the sales of this do drugs to ensure the safety of individual.Barnes tackled some options the federal government may undertake with regards to marijuana, some of which are the removal of marijuana from the list of controlled substances which would entail total freedom to purchase by any individual, another is removing the drug from schedule 1 of controlled substances and then moving it to the schedule 2 category. ... ch would entail total freedom to purchase by any individual, another is removing the drug from schedule 1 of controlled substances and then moving it to the schedule 2 category. He admitted that few options are available to state governments regarding this matt er, as their authority, in reality, is supplanted by those of the federal government. He then tackled the issues for allowing the prescription of marijuana, claiming that the side effects of using this drug as a medicine is considerably less than other certain drugs that are currently being prescribed. He also claimed that a certain parting of patients and doctors have an expressed desire towards its legalization for medicinal purposes. He claimed that marijuana is effective, sufficiently safe and endorsed by a significant percentage of the relevant medical community. According to Barnes, there is not enough reason to stop the government from allowing the legal prescription of marijuana, which then entails that it should allow doctors to do so, particularly to patients distraint from certain ailments. He then addressed several arguments that have been raised against the legalization of marijuana such as how the government should not allow abusive medications to be prescribed, dis cussing the grounds which have been used to justify this argument. He then addressed the second argument, which states that the government should not allow for the prescription of potentially noxious drugs that are not adequately tested, and tried to refute it be underlining the rapid growth of marijuana usage in the country over the past trine decades and then emphasizing the need for legalizing further research and testing. The third argument Barnes tried to address is the practical problems associated the legalization of its

Contemporary Issues in business and management Essay

Contemporary Issues in business and management - Essay ExampleSustainability refers to the voluntary activities of the company, which introduce that it is committed to environmental and social concerns, according to the slipway it administers its operations and in its dealings with its stakeholders (Van Marrewjk & Verre, 2003). This paper will discuss the challenges encountered by the leaders of the organization, in their attempts to constitute CSR, and particularly that related to the impacts of their business activities, in the light of the models, theory and the analytical tools related to CSR, change and innovation management and leadership. Further, the paper will evaluate the ways in which companies are going green, giving some examples.The era for applauding the economic prosperity of corporations as a stand-alone area has ended, as corporations, societies, governments and agencies are questioning the impacts of corporate activities and actions (Orlitzky, Schmidt and Rynes, 2003). This change of outlook requires firms to redirect and split their attention towards increasing its economic performance, while at the same time filling the position of severe corporate citizen. Filling these positions requires companies to keep in touch with global trends on maintaining commitment to the two major goal areas meeting private and public necessitate (Henderson, 2007). These new demands have forced corporations to review their rules, frameworks, and business models. Among the most responsible companies, it is a daily practice to review short and long-term plans, so as to stay safe and at the front line in the rapidly changing world. There has been a change in the way that companies consider their place, stipendiary reference to local and global stakeholders (Holcomb, Upchurch and Okumus, 2007). There has also been a change in the management of the relationships maintained between companies and its stakeholders, particularly with customers, suppliers, investor s,

Organizational behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Organizational behavior - Assignment ExamplePositive organizational nuance helps to improve the relationship between the organization and the regulatory authorities. Organizations with a positive corporate farming are guaranteed of success in the long-run. This is because customers gain a lot of interest in the products of a company whose organizational culture is strong (Bratton et al 10).It is also necessary for organizations to have a positive culture since it creates a favorable work environment. As a result, the employees feel actuate to work and give their best while performing the assigned tasks. Organizations whose cultures are positive can have the tasks performed effectively and with a lot of efficiency. Moreover, organizational culture helps organizations to adapt to change with a lot of ease. Compared to organizations whose corporate culture is weak, firms with a positive culture can adapt to changes in technology, as considerably as advancements in the way business i s conducted. Organizations with a strong culture have the ability to create unique brands and at the same time perform well financially (Schein

M & A Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

M & A - Coursework ExampleThe combi estate of two domestic companies is an important business and economic undertaking because in many instances, such ordain assure the survival of an entity in the face of changing competitive structures or politico-legal mandates pertaining to the industry (Vaara, 2001). Cross-border M&As, on the other hand, gain a special grandeur because they play a vital role in foreign direct investment (FDI), directly impacting upon the entry of extra equity in the host economy, and providing an additional source of income investment for the home company. Organizations are comprised of persons real and natural, with all(prenominal) their complexities and idiosyncracies. The human element will be a consideration that will permeate all aspects of the post- M&A desegregation process. For local companies, this means the combination of two organizational cultures into one. ... People, who are normally resistant to change, will naturally seek to utilize their o wn accustomed cultures, and resist the adoption of the other. Cross-border M&A is specifically defined as an activity in which an enterprise from one country buys the t place ensemble asset or controlling percentage of an enterprise in another country (Zhu & Huang, 2007). In the process of cross-border mergers and attainments, the enterprises involved are prone not provided to conflicts between their organizational cultures, but also their national cultures. This makes the problem of cultural integration more difficult, because national cultures are more closely equated with a mother wit of national pride and patriotism. Moreover, they often have profound religious or ethical implications more deeply ingrained in the psyche of a nation by centuries of social conditioning. The task of cultural integration of cross-border M&As, therefore, becomes double significant in that it seeks to create a new corporate culture out of two sets of organizational and national cultures, by harmon izing the synergistic elements and eliminating the conflicts (Zhu & Huang, 2007). The stages of mergers and acquisitions The merger or acquisition process is not a single event, but a serial publication of stages that must be understood in order to determine the most effective manner by which integration can be carried out. This is because corporate integration is intimately related to the decision-making stage of the acquisition itself, not separate from it, and events and decisions during the intermediary stages influence the manner in which integration shall proceed. Tanure, Cancado, Duarte & Muylder (2009, pp. 138-142) identify four stages of the merger and acquisition process 1. The motive behind the acquisition or merger This

The past world expo economy influence and effect on property market in Essay

The past world expo economy influence and effect on quality market in previous host cities and countries - Essay ExampleThe first of such exhibition was held in the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London in 1851. It was named at that time as the Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations and rightly so because this exhibition celebrated the coming of age of the industrial Revolution in Europe. Thus the 1851 Great Exhibition was not merely a trade fair but also a display of scientific, industrial and technological inventions. Queen Victorias consort, Prince Albert, possibly did not foresee that what he conceptualised would become todays third grandest event after the FIFA world Cup and the Olympic Games, considering its impact on culture, on society and the nations economies.Today, the populace Expo has come a long way. It is not only a trade fair and a showcase of new scientific and technological advances and inventions but it is also a means of promoting cultural corr espondence and modify and a way of finding solutions to issues that hound humanity. Moreover, it becomes a platform of presenting a strong national image before the whole world. In other words, it affords countries to force their assets and perceived advantages over other nations. The pavilions that each country construct have become competitive in terms of lavishness, splendor, magnificence and cost. There is a skirmish as to who builds the closely stunning and most memorable pavilion. So many World Expo historians are of the opinion that the geodesic dome of the US pavilion in the 1967 expo in Montreal, Canada is the most memeorable and the glass and iron Crystal Palce of UK in the 1851 Worlds Fair in London as the most imposing. In each world expo, all countries try to express some theme via its architectural design and the contents of its pavilion Thus each World Expo is characterised by glitter, glamour, visions and images (Maddox 2004, p. 79). The

Hallucinogen Use Among Teenagers Essay Example for Free

Hallucinogen Use Among Teen whilers EssayKaleidoscope perspective, strange sounds, indescribable feeling of love and admiration towards others, smell in slow motion, and the feeling of floating in air outside ones body these argon just some of the things that butt joint be experienced in the humanity of hallucination, a dream world that is marked by a dense state of unreality or imaginary perceptions. Many people today, most specially the youth, be discovering ways in which they open fire visit this dreamlike state without the sleeping process by indulging into a special kind of outlawed substance know as psychodelic do drugs (Harmon, 2009). Beca role of psychodelic drugs capability to alter an individuals perception, more and more teenageragers are becoming hooked into this body-build of medicate without taking into esteem its impact on their health and well- world. Although it has been widely acknowledged that illicit hallucinogen give significantly decreased during the latter parts of 1990s, recent studies showed that teenagers are having a renewed interest in using this form of drug due to its availability, the perception of reduced risk, and higher peer support upon its usage.Various researches even revealed that a teenager as young as 12 years old has easier access obtaining hallucinogenic drug alongside other illicit substances. As much(prenominal), parents and initiate administrators alike have a growing concern over the increasing number of teenage hallucinogen exploiters. With the re-emergence of the use of hallucinogen among the youth, it is therefore imp termtive to transport into perspective and analyze the impact of the pertained drug among its users, the factors that contribute to teenagers indulgence in this form of drug, and the drugs level of accessibility among this group.Hallucinogen An Overview To give depth to the subject being discussed, it is highly important to understand its origin and nature. Hallucinogens, in like manner jetly referred to as psychedelics, are a diversified group of drugs that have the capacity to alter an individuals mood, thoughts, and perception. As they are heterogeneous in nature, hallucinogens are nonorious for their varying chemic contents, mechanism of actions, as well as adverse effects on the users. mend hallucination is perceived as the instantaneous effect of using such drug, hallucinogens are also known for changing moods and thoughts as they disrupt the normal operate of a persons serotonin system, which is responsible for controlling pain perceptions, moods, and sleep-wake cycle of humankind (Richards, 2006). The proliferation of hallucinogen is not a new phenomenon as it has been utilise by humans for thousands of years for the pur acquaint of both religious and mystical experiences.In the Hindu holy book, Rig Veda, the use of a substance known as soma, which is tell to be capable of inducing high levels of consciousness, has been mentioned. T his substance is extracted from the juice of a hallucinogenic mushroom known as Amanita Mascaria. Meanwhile, in the pre-Columbian era Mexico, Aztecs employ teotlaqualli, a paste from ololiuqui, a hallucinogenic flower, during their religious ceremonies. Aztec priests and soldiers rub the hallucinogenic substance on their skin as it is believed to reduce fear and expedite proper mental state needed while servicing the Aztec gods.Similar to this, aboriginals from Mexico were also noted for their long history of peyote usage, a hallucinogen containing mescaline that is also used for religious ceremonies. In Salem, Massachusetts, it was once believed that hallucinogens are the main cause of unlikely behaviors of the supposed witches during trials (Richards, 2006). Basically, there are two types of hallucinogens the natural, which can be obtained from raw plants, and the synthetic varieties or man-made. Natural hallucinogens come from plants that grow in the wild or in drug farms. T hese varieties may include some forms of mushrooms and the cactus plant, peyote. round flowers such as morning glories are also known for producing hallucinogenic chemicals. Marijuana, which comes from cannabis plants, is also identified as a comparatively weak form of hallucinogen. Technically, all of these are not considered as drugs as they are naturally occurring substances that contain hallucinogenic chemicals (Harmon, 2009). In contrast with natural hallucinogens, synthetic varieties of the said drug are produced in laboratories with variations of other substances to push enhance its effects.The very first form of synthetic hallucinogen is Lysergic Acid Diethylamide 25 (LSD), discovered by Dr.Albert Hoffman of Sandoz Laboratories in Basel, Switzerland during 1938. LSD was accidentally discovered while Hoffman was experimenting on drugs that have medical purposes. The doctor did not realize the drugs mind-altering effects until 1943 when he accidentally consumed the drug and e xperienced hallucination. Interest in LSD did not receive the attention of numerous until 1960s when Timothy Leary and his colleagues at Harvard University began experimenting the drug to themselves and advocating its use due to the alleged heightened feeling of intra- and interpersonal understanding, spirituality, and increased level of productivity it brings.As such, academics, artists, and students alike were swayed to use LSD. Also included in this group of psychedelics are phencyclidine (PCP) or angel dust, which is considered as the most dangerous form of hallucinogen that can be in powder, tablet, capsule, or beverage form Foxy Methoxy Dextromethorpan (DXM) or robo, a cough-suppressing ingredient found in over-the-counter cough and cold medications and Ecstasy (MDMA) and Special K (ketamine hydrochloride), two other hallucinogenic drugs that are becoming more and more popular among teenagers, to name a few (Harmon, 2009).Teenage Hallucinogen Use FiguresAbuse of drugs has be en a major public concern since the 1960s, and it cannot be denied that it is still an ongoing societal issue. For the most part, teenagers played a significant role in the rise of drug abuse, as they are comfortably persuaded to engage in such activity. Perhaps, a few other points in history have been strongly related with hallucinogen use other than 1960s. For one, rampant experiment with hallucinogenic drugs such as LSD, psilocybin, and peyote became an important part of the American pop culture, influencing aspects such as medicinal drug, clothing, language, and art.Likewise, the said practive also served as a catalyst for the establishment of the counterculture known as the hippie era. Notable in this period of hallucinogen experimentation was the participation of teenagers who tried psychedelic drugs at an unprecedented rate. The first National menage Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) in 1972 account that 5 percent of Americans, most of whom are under 18 years of age, admitted ly used psychedelics at least once. By 1980s, the use of psychedelic drugs dramatically declined due to the introduction of cocaine.However, in the early 1990s, the interest in hallucinogen resurfaced and was distributed even in the most unexpected places such as schools, tar blending the student population (Travis, 1997). While a vast number of resources indicated that the figures have dropped during the mid-1990s, recent studies have shown that the illicit use of hallucinogens is once a take a leak reemerging. Alarmingly, the rates are much higher compared to the teenage active users during the 1960s and mid-1990s, and worse, these teenage hallucinogen users are much younger than expected. agree to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) in 2007, about 34. 2 million Americans at the age of 12 or senior(a) inform that they have tried using hallucinogen at least once in their lifetime, which can be translated to 13. 8% of the said age groups boilersuit population. Simil arly, in the 2008 survey carried out by Monitoring the future, it was indicated that 3. 3% of eight graders, 5. 5% of tenth graders, and 8. 7% of twelfth graders admitted to a lifetime usage of hallucinogens.These figures are levels higher compared to the 2007 percentages of 3.1%, 6. 4%, and 8. 4% of the respective grades. In this respect, the statistics significantly reported a higher increase in the numbers of teenage hallucinogen users (Monitoring the future, 2008 cited in Office of National Drug Control Policy ONDCP, 2009). Hallucinogen Drug Sources The Internet and Club-Drug Scenes With the given figures above, one may wonder how the teenagers manage to gain access to these hallucinogenic drugs. There are various means that can be adopted in modulate to obtain such forms of illicit drugs that can bypass the traditional channels of doing so.The Internet as well as the urban club scene is identified as two of the major sources where hallucinogenic substances can be obtained. Int ernet A New Vast Source of Illicit Drug Information The reemergence of illicit hallucinogen is prevalent among teenagers it has been identified that this analogous societal group is also the heavy users of the World Wide Web or Internet. The Internet is known as a powerful tool that can provide unlimited access to various kinds of information.Due to such capability, the Internet is also considered as a breeding ground for the rise of unlawful practices that are within the reach of young individuals. In a 2001 study carried out by John Halpern and Harrison Pope Junior, they have concluded that by using the Internet, potence hallucinogen users can learn in great detail how to obtain hallucinogenic drugs. During the time of their research, Halpern and Pope, with the use of standard Internet search techniques, located 81 hallucinogen-related sites and categorized the information found on the said sources. well-nigh of the sites they have found explain to its users how wild plants con taining hallucinogenic substances can be identified. Some provided information where hallucinogenic plants are commercially available, while some sell strains of hallucinogenic plants that can be grown. They have also located sites that provide chemical recipes for synthesizing all of the hallucinogenic substances that are categorized in the Schedule I list and other non-schedule hallucinogen analogs.Additional sites that sell hallucinogenic plant materials were also located. They have also uncovered Internet travel industry that offers tours to countries where hallucinogenic potions can be ingested in the context of traditional rituals. Finally, the researchers also came across myriads of sites that are carrying hallucinogen-related information which include keyword-searchable database that offer information regarding personal hallucinogenic experiences, street pricing, scientific articles, and paper clippings related to hallucinogen drugs.Contrary to the thousands of pages availab le for underground hallucinogen information, limited linked sites were directed towards government agencies that caution users against the dangers of using hallucinogen drugs. Likewise, only few Internet users visit these federally funded databases which are in deep disparity with the number of visits that underground sites receive (Halpern Pope, 2001). With the constantly evolving nature of the Internet, the sources found by Halpern and Pope (2001) represent only a small margin of the overall hallucinogenic-related sites found over the Internet.However, this study only proves that teenagers, being the frequent users of the World Wide Web, can come across pools of hallucinogen-related information just by typing in keywords at the appropriate prompt. Automatically, links after links of sites that supply detailed information concerning botanical and synthetic hallucinogens can be followed by the teenagers. well-nigh of the information found on these sites are unchecked for accurac y and have yet to be described in present addiction and psychiatry textbooks, clinicians as well as the legislative authorities (Senay, 1998 Miller, 1998 cited in Halpern Pope, 2001).In addition to this, as the Internet can serve as a ground for the mission of unlawful practices, phony prescriptions can be used by teenagers in order to avail of prescribed drugs that contain certain amount of hallucinogenic substances. Although many reputable online pharmacies require authentic prescriptions before giving out drugs, it cannot be discounted that with todays experienced online users, the authenticity of such prescriptions can be altered.In some instances, there are Internet sites that are made to look both legal and official when in reality, they are not. These sites provide teens with easy-to-fill-out online questionnaire and ask for money within days, the teen can already receive the drug that he or she purchased online (Hutchinson, 2006). Club-Drug Scenes Adolescence is the period where young individuals usually go out and meet people of their same age to socialize.Various places have been created in order to cater to their needs, and these are the places where they can usually hang-out together and enjoy their lives away from the sight of their parents. Clubs are the most common hang-out for teenagers and adults these are the venue where they can release their energy and at the same time meet various people. As the number of teenagers who patronize such purlieu continuously grows, so is the number of these clubs. Hence, the number of club-drug venues and the use of addictive substances have been notably increasing as well.The term club-drug commonly refers to the specific drugs used by teens or even young adults who frequently visit music or dance clubs that are especially geared for their age group. Hallucinogens are often reported as the most common form of substance used in club-drug venues, specifically LSD, Nexus, Ketamine, and Ecstasy. These hallucin ogenic drugs are frequently used in a group known as rave, a large-scale party carried out in a temporary location that allows participants to dance in trance-like tunes, experience light shows and other special effects, and take drugs.The attendance and participation in these events serve as the affirmation of the individuals involvement in club drugs (Golub, Johnson, Sifaneck, Chesluk, Parker, 2001). Unlike other social events that use traditional media to advertise their future affairs, the promoters of raves do not use such medium in order to market their events to people. Instead, they use underground and semi-spontaneous advertisements, such as word-of-mouth, recorded phone messages, handbills, and the Internet, that are directed towards their desired clientele.As police intervention serves as a serious threat to this event, one technique used by promoters to avoid issues with the authority is to notify the participants about the date and time of the rave through the Interne t, and phone numbers are given out for further information (Golub et al. , 2001). Once inside these venues, participants are then welcomed with a special genre of music that enables participants to release their restrictions.Such trance-like experience is further enhanced through the use of psychedelic drugs, which more often than not combine memories, associations, and hallucinations altogether, making the participant feel a sense of enlightenment (Golub et al. , 2001). Although present-day rave music and activities do not come in parallel with that of the hallucinogenic culture during the 1960s, there are still aspects of that period that manifest itself in the raves of today, such as the emphasis on attaining personal enlightenment and the promotion of non-violence through the use of hallucinogenic drugs (Travis, 1997).In addition to this, raves and other events where hallucinogen drugs can be easily obtained such as trance parties and dance clubs are appealing to teenagers becau se they often serve as a gateway for escaping the stifling apathy of mainstream society by offering a time-out through illegal yet leisurely activities (Golub et al. , 2001). Teenage Vulnerability to Hallucinogen Use One may wonder what makes these illicit drugs so attractive to teens. There are myriads of reasons that can be derived to address this simple question.First, teenagers are very susceptible to use hallucinogenic drugs due to their wondering(a) nature as well as their inclination with experimentation. More often than not, the cycle of addiction begins with a mere curiosity. In order to give in to the call of their curious minds, teenagers would then experiment by taking in small amount of the hallucinogenic drug just enough to get them high. As a hallucinogenic substance gives a short-term psychedelic trip that is initially pleasant or more often euphoric, these sensations provide teenagers the false feelings of worry-free life or nirvana.Over time, they will then need m ore amount of the hallucinogenic drug in order to acquire the same effect and to get the same high as the ones they felt before, thereby launching the cycle of hallucinogen addiction (Hutchinson, 2006). Another reason for the vulnerability of teenagers to hallucinogen drug uptake may be attributed to their perception of reduced risk. Because of the so called mind expansion capability of psychedelics that can be bought at a cheaper price compared to other drug counterparts, teenagers tend to overlook the adverse effects of such drugs.Various evidences showed that more and more teenagers consider both Ecstasy and LSD harmless, which perhaps explains the increase experimentation of young people with the said forms of hallucinogenic drugs. However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not seen any therapeutic use for hallucinogenic drugs. Likewise, a variety of studies reported that current available psychedelics posit unpredictable effects and substantial risks that may harm the life of its users (Abraham et al., 1996 cited in Hanson, Venturilli, Fleckenstein, 2005).Similar to this is the fact that little media coverage has been attached to hallucinogen use, and fewer opportunities exist in order to present the adverse effects of the said drugs, thereby contributing to the generational forgetting of teenagers about hallucinogen to the terminus that it has even penetrated the school grounds (Johnston, OMalley, Bachman, 1995, p. 12 cited in Travis, 1997, n. p. ).Peer pressure also plays a significant role in a teenagers indulgence in hallucinogenic substances. As the need for acceptance is very much appealing for a teen who does not feel that he or she fits in and does not have high self-esteem, other teens can introduce the use of hallucinogen as a form of welcoming the other teenager. As such, in order to fit into the cool crowd, the teenager would eventually give in to the temptation so as to feel the belongingness that he or she is looking for.Conclu sion found on the facts and information presented in this paper, it is apparent that the illicit use of hallucinogenic drugs is a reemerging public health problem that could greatly affect teenagers. Because of the relatively tacky pricing and noncompetitive network of distribution of the hallucinogenic drug as seen in its availability over the Internet and club venues, more and more teenagers are swayed to take such drugs without taking into consideration its adverse health effects.Other factors that affect the consumption of hallucinogenic drugs among teenagers may be attributed to the perception of reduced risks that these drugs pose as well as peer pressure. While it may be true that the off-shoot in the number of teenagers using hallucinogen may not severely threaten law enforcement at this point, if this trend of hallucinogenic use among teenagers will persist, various issues may arise that could affect not only the individual user but the community as a whole. Concerns for public safety are deeply related to the use of hallucinogen.Such can be perceived with the mountain of income-generating crimes and crimes of violence. It should also not be overlooked that the continuous existence of hallucinogenic drugs presents a great threat on the health and safety of these young individuals. As such, it is therefore critical to place stricter law enforcement efforts in disrupting the production and distribution of hallucinogens so as to avoid their adverse effects not only on the teenage users but the whole societal system as well.

Bsn vs Associate Degree in Nursing Essay Example for Free

Bsn vs Associate Degree in treat EssayNursing is a knowledge based discipline, which focuses on the wholeness of human being. (Faucett, 1933. ) As per definition nurses ar playing great role in modern medicine, every with an associate percentage point or as bachelor of nursing degree. Both, with the same licensure, the Registered Nurse. Nurse. The Associate dDegree nNurse(ADN) takes a shorter path of two years where the BSN takes longer one with 4 years of didactics to complete the degree.When we compare the data collected by various groups of nursing professionals, it is evident that the mortality rate, medication errors and patient of outcomes are generally improved with high number of BSN onboard. The ADNAssociate degree nurse program was introduced to minimize the nursing shortage during post, second world warSecond World War.Even though The Goldmark information in 1923 recommended that the entry level of education for professional practice as a registered nurse shou ld be a bachelorBachelor of Science in nursing (BSN), the saucy Associate degree nurse programs, gained much popularity among health lot settings, and continuesprograms, gained much popularity among health mission settings, and continue even today. Associate degree nursing programs are more to task oriented, where BSN program is based on theory and research. The needs of patients are changing on a daily basis, the need for higher education for nurses is in great demand..Nurses are advocates of patient population, so be prepared to have the knowledge to help them, in preventive medicine, risk reduction, disease management, humankind health and over all provide a safe environment as per Nightingales theory of environment. When you compare work of an associate degree nurse with a BSN on a daily basis you could see the differences of approaches between associate degree nurse and a BSN. In this authors experience, an associate degree nurse is well oriented to practical side of nursin g, which is well evidenced.When comes to a patient with MRSA infection of an amputated limp site, the Associate degree nurse, is quick to get the patient pain meds, help with positioning, dressing changes, and maintains a clean environment, maintains contact isolation and provided emotional support. Whereas the BSN is there to teach the patient and family about prevention of infection, promotion of meliorate by compensate diet choices, increasing activity and maintain the previous activity level, and prevent progression of infection and further loss.Also coordinated the care with dietary, physical therapy, occupational therapy, social services and case management services etc, thus provided the patient a smooth transition to the new life as a right above knee amputee. The BSN did investigate about the support groups, prosthesis options, family dynamics, and so on. In this situation one could clearly see the unalike shipway of an associate nurse in their scope of practice vsvs. B SN performed through evidence based nursing practices.The expectation to the future of nursing is that, nurse should be capable of maintaining a patients over all well being, mentally, physically, socially and emotionally. One could obtain those qualities through proper education and adapting multiple ways of thinking. The ability of clinical reasoning is very important. The clinical picture of patient is changing, always ask yourself, why, what and how. Why the clinical picture is changing, what are the causes, and how can we correct that.For this we have to understand the metaparadigm of nursing, explained by the founders of nursing. A nurse also should have the clinical imagination, scientific and creative reasoning. The new age of nursing is characterized by a synthesis of facts and ideas that generate principles and theories. (Rogers,1994) . One could only achieve that by advancing ones education to a higher level. Once you reach that level, the apparent horizon is wide you co uld further advance your studies to masters programs, nurse practitioner in various disciplines, go for doctorate programs etc.etc. In a study report from International Jjournal of nursingof Nursing sStudies, June 2009, headed by Dr. Kkoen Van den Heede found a major link between the number of BSN on cardiac care units and hospital mortality. Data analyzed from different countries including Canada, Belgium, Netherlands and USA. The result showed there were 4. 9 percentages fewer deaths per 1000 patients on intensive care units with higher number of nurses with BSN degree.Linda Aiken and her associates, in their Landmark study in 2003 showed a strong connection between the educational level of registered nurses and patient outcomes. Substantial survival advantage noted particularly in surgical patient population. , Even as little as 10% increase in the BSN degree holders make a difference in patient death and failure to rescue by 5%. A highly educated nursing work force is essential to the future of nursing. In short, the medial world is changing, so as the patient.So it is imperative that, the nursing work force should change to meet the needs of future health care. So here the transition from associate degree nurse to BSN is much more appreciated and welcomed. Reference -The reference page is a separate page. This is not APA format. Creating a more highly qualified nursing workforce (fact Sheet) Retrieved from http//www. aacn. nche. edu/media/factsheets/nursingwrkf. htm Retrieved on 01/06/2012 from Creasia Friberge, The Bridge to Professional Practice, Conceptual foundations 5th edition.